I don't believe it is possible for the oil pump drive shaft to fall out while the oil pump is installed. Inspect the shaft to make sure that it is not twisted off or damaged preventing it from driving the pump and being driven by the distributor. Same thing for the distributor. If all is well, try priming the pump with a drill motor. Do so with the valve covers removed. You should feel a lot of resistance on the drill as oil is being pumped. You should see oil flowing at the rockers/push rods. If not, I fear that you might have a broken oil pump pick-up or pump housing. If the first test is not successful, you could try removing the pressure gauge or the filter and priming to see if any oil is pumping at at all. Just bump it with the drill motor as a lot of oil will come out. If all tests are unsuccessful, im afraid you will have to pull the oil pan for further investigation.
Good luck,
Joe